CH − CH − CH − OH Step : The locant number of –OH group is and thus the secondary suffix is ‘ -ol’. The name of the compound is Prop + an e + ( -ol) = Propan- -ol Note: Terminal ‘e’ of ‘ane’ is removed as per Rule Example : CH COOH Step1: The parent chain consists of carbon atoms. The root word is ‘Eth’. Step : All are single bonds between the carbon atoms of the chain.
So the primary suffix is ‘ane’. Step : Since the compound contains the–COOH group, it is a carboxylic acid. The secondary suffix is ‘oic acid’ The name of the compound is Eth + an e + oic acid) = Ethanoic acid Table . lists IUPAC names homologs of various classes of organic compounds Test yourself: Obtain the IUPAC name of the following compounds systematically: (a) CH CHO (b) CH CH COCH (c) ClCH -CH -CH -CH Carbon and its Compounds .
ETHANOL (CH CH OH) Ethanol is commonly known as alcohol. All alcoholic beverages and some cough syrups contain ethanol. Its molecular formula is C H OH. Its structural formula is Ethanol H—C—C— O—H H H H H — — — — (C H OH) .
. Manufacture of ethanol Ethanol is manufactured in industries by the fermentation of molasses, which is a by-product obtained during the manufacture of sugar from sugarcane. Molasses is a dark coloured syrupy liquid left after the crystallization of sugar from the concentrated sugarcane juice. Molasses contain about % of sucrose, which cannot be separated by crystallization.
It is converted into ethanol by the following steps: (i) Dilution of molasses Molasses is first diluted with water to bring down the concentration of sugar to about to percent. (ii) Addition of Nitrogen source Molasses usually contains enough nitrogenous matter to act as food for yeast during the fermentation process. If the nitrogen content of the molasses is poor,