(SCCL) are its public sector under takings. b) Petroleum (or) Crude oil The word petroleum has been derived from two Latin words petro (meaning–rock) and oleum (meaning-oil). Thus petroleum is oil obtained from rocks of the earth. Therefore, it is also called mineral oil.
Petroleum is an inflammable liquid that is composed of hydrocarbons which constitute - % of petroleum and the remaining is chiefly organic compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and traces of organic metallic compounds. The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MOP&NG) is a ministry of the Government of India. It is responsible for the exploration, production, refining, distribution, marketing, import, export, and conservation of petroleum, natural gas, petroleum products, and liquefied natural gas in India. India - Oil refinery Coal India Limited (CIL) is an Indian state-controlled coal mining company headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal.
India - Resources and Industries Petroleum is used as a source of power and fuel for automobiles, aeroplanes, ships and locomotives. Lubricants, kerosene, vaseline, tar, soap, terylene and wax are its byproducts. Oil in India is obtained from both from on-shore and off-shore areas. c) Natural Gas Natural gas usually accompanies the petroleum accumulations.
It is naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly includes varying amounts of other higher alkanes and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen sulphides. It is formed when layers of decomposed plants and animals are exposed to intense heat and pressure over thousands of years. It is used as a source of energy for heating, cooking and electricity generation. It is also used as fuel for vehicles and as a chemical feedstock in the manufacture of plastics and other commercially important organic chemicals.
GAIL (formerly known as Gas Authority of India Limited) is the largest state-owned natural gas processing and distribution company in India. It is headquartered in New Delhi. India has a very large proportion of tertiary rock and alluvial deposits particularly in the extra peninsular India. These sedimentary rocks, which were once under the shallow seas, hold