4.7   Arab-Israeli War · Part 3

victory on the ground, capturing the Gaza Strip and all of the Sinai Peninsula up to the east bank of the Suez Canal. Yasser Arafat ( – ) In , Yasser Arafat became chairman of the PLO’s executive committee a position he held until his death in . Yasser Arafat was appointed commander- in-chief of the all Palestinian Arab guerilla forces in September . Wearing a disguised pistol and carrying an olive branch and dressed in a military uniform, his appearance raised world awareness of the Palestinian cause. Arafat was elected by the central council of the PLO as the first president of the state of Palestine on April , . Arab–Israeli War Egypt and Syria under Presidents Anwar Sadat and Hafez al- Assad respectively concluded a secret agreement in January to bring their armies under one command. Sadat offered the Israelis a peace deal, if they withdrew from Sinai. Israel rejected the offer. Egypt and Syria launched a sudden and surprise attack on the Yom Kippur Anwar Sadat and Hafez al-Assad Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) - It is an umbrella political organization representing the world’s Palestinians – all Arabs and their descendants who lived in mandated Palestine before the creation of the State of Israel in . It was formed in to federate various Palestinian groups that previously had operated as clandestine resistance movements. Yasser Arafat was its most prominent leader. The World After World War II religious holiday ( October ). Though Israel suffered heavy casualties it finally pushed back the Arab forces. Arabs gained nothing out of this war too. By way of mediation the US succeeded in asserting its hegemony over the region and its oil.