5.5   Communication

. Communication Communication is a process that involves exchange of information, thoughts and ideas. Technology does wonders in communication fields. Communication is categorized in to personal and mass communications. Personal Communication The exchange of information between the individuals is called personal communication. It includes postal services, telephone, mobile phone, short message services, fax, internet, India - Population, Transport, Communication & Trade Not to scale Not to scale N S E W N S E W India - Population, Transport, Communication & Trade Electronic Media: Radio broadcasting in India was started in by the Radio Club of Bombay. Since then it gained immense popularity and changed the social and cultural life of people. It was named as All India Radio (AIR) in and later it was renamed as Akashwani in . It broadcasts a variety of programs related to information, education and entertainment. Special news bulletins are also broadcasted on special occasions like session of parliament and state legislatures. Television broadcasting has emerged as the most effective audio-visual medium for disseminating information and educating the masses. Television network in India is known as Doordarshan (DD) which started Common National Program (CNP) services and it is extended to the backward and remote rural areas. Internet (contraction of interconnected network ) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite to link devices worldwide. Social media are interactive computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks. Print Media: Newspapers are the most common but powerful means of communication come under print media. India has many newspapers which carry information on local, national and international events to the people. Satellite Communication The use of Satellite in getting a continuous and synoptic view of larger area has made this communication system very vital for the country. Satellite images are used for weather forecasting, monitoring of natural calamities, surveillance of border areas etc. The communication through satellites emerged as a new era in communication in our country after the establishment of Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in . Satellite Satellite Network Enterprise Emergency Response Business Connuity Corporate Headquarters Central Office Router Teleport Internet PSTN PSTN= public switched telephone network Server Voice Fax Data/Internet Satellite system in India can be grouped into two . The Indian National Satellite System (INSAT) . The Indian Remote Sensing Satellite System (IRS). The INSAT, established in , is a multipurpose system for telecommunication, meteorological observation and for various other programs. The INSAT series are used for relaying signals to television, telephone, radio, mobile phone. It is also useful in weather detection, internet and military applications. The INSAT series, GSAT series, KALPANA- , HAMSAT, EDUSAT are the major communication satellite used for communication purpose. GSAT–7A is the recent launch (December , ) for communication programs. INSAT-1B launched on 30th August is the first communication satellite in INSAT series.