in India

in India The major crops of India are divided into four major categories as follows: . Food crops (wheat, maize, rice, millets, pulses, etc.). . Cash crops (sugarcane, tobacco, cotton, jute, oilseeds, etc.). . Plantation crops (tea, coffee and rubber). . Horticulture crops (fruits, flowers and vegetables). . Food Crops Due to its large population, Indian agriculture is largely dominated by the food crops. Rice Rice is an indigenous crop. India is the second largest producer of rice in the world after China. It is mainly a tropical crop, growing mainly with mean temperatures of °C and annual rainfall of cm. Deep fertile clayey or loamy soils are suited well for rice cultivation. It also needs abundant supply of cheap labour. Cropping Seasons in India Cropping Seasons Major crops cultivated Northern States Southern States Kharif Season June–September Rice, Cotton, Bajra, Maize, Jowar, Tur Rice, Ragi, Maize, Jowar, Groundnut Rabi Season October–March Wheat, Gram, Rapeseeds, Mustard, Barley Rice, Maize, Ragi, Groundnut, Jowar Zaid Season April–June Vegetables, Fruits, Fodder Rice, Vegetables, Fodder Paddy Cultivation India - Agriculture percent of the total production of food grains in the country. It requires - °C at the time of sowing and - °C at the time of ripening of grains. Over % of the India’s wheat production comes from states namely Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. Apart from these regions, the black soil tract of the Deccan covering parts of Maharashtra and Gujarat also contribute a major wheat production. WHEAT PRODUCTION IN INDIA Bay of Bengal Indian Ocean Arabian Sea N S E W Not to Scale Jowar Jowar is the third important food crop of our country. It is an indigenous plant of Africa. The plant has a tendency to grow in adverse climatic conditions. Its grains are rich in carbohydrates, protein, minerals, and vitamins. Hence, it provides cheap food to the large section of the poor population. It is also used as fodder in many parts of the country. Jowar is essentially a crop of the Peninsular India.