in India · Part 3

light shade. Tea plants require high rainfall but its root cannot tolerate water logging. Two major varieties of tea are cultivated in India. They are, i) BOHEA - originated from China ii) ASSAMICA - from India A number of hybrid varieties have been developed by mixing these two. India is the second largest producer of tea after China in the world. Assam is the largest producer of tea in India. Other states are Tamil Nadu, Kerala and West Bengal. Coffee Coffee is grown in shade and it grows effectively in the altitudes between , and , m, above mean sea level. There are two main varieties of coffee. They are, i) Arabica (High quality-cultivated more in India) ii) Robusta (Inferior quality). India is the 7th largest producer of coffee globally. Karnataka is the leading producer of coffee in India. It produces % in India, and . % in the world (source; coffee board of India- ). Rubber Rubber plantation was first established in Kerala in . It needs hot and wet climatic conditions (temperature above °C and rainfall above 300cm). Most of the land for rubber plantation belongs to small land holders. The major rubber growing areas are Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Spices India has been world famous for its spices since ancient times. These spices are mostly used for flavouring or tampering cooked food and for preparing medicines, dyes, etc. Pepper, chillies, turmeric, ginger, cardamom, clove and Jute It is a tropical fibre crops, grows well in the alluvial soil. It provides raw material for Jute industry. It is used for manufacturing of gunny bags, carpets, hessian, ropes and strings, rugs, clothes, tarpaulins, upholstery etc. West Bengal is the leading state both in cultivation and production of jute. The other cultivators of jute are Bihar, Assam and Meghalaya. LEGEND INDIA MAJOR CASH CROPS N S E W Not to Scale RUBBER SPICES OILS AND SEEDS COFFEE TEA JUTE COTTON SUGARCANE Bay of Bengal Indian Ocean Arabian Sea Oil Seeds Oil seeds, the premier source of fat in the Indian diet are derived from number of