INDIA - PHYSICAL DIVISIONS K a i l a s h R a n g e T s a n g p o R i v e r E W N S Not to Scale India – Location, Relief and Drainage and Kanchenjunga ( , m). Mt. Everest is located in Nepal and Kanchenjunga is located between Nepal and Sikkim. This range is the most continuous of all ranges.
It is a region of permanent snow cover. So, it has many glaciers. Gangothri, Yamunothri and Siachen are some of them. • The Himalayas are the home of several high peaks.
• However, it holds the record for having the maximum number of highest peaks among any mountain range in world. • Out of highest peaks in this world, the Himalayas holds . (ii) The Lesser Himalayas or The Himachal It is the middle range of Himalayas. Height of this range varies from , to , m.
Its width varies up to km. The major rocks of this range are slate, limestone and quartzite. This region is subjected to extensive erosion due to heavy rainfall, deforestation and urbanization. Pir Panjal, Dhauladhar and Mahabharat are the mountain ranges found in this part.
Major hill stations of the Himalayas are located in this range. Shimla, Mussourie, Nainital, Almora, Ranikhet and Darjeeling are the familiar ones. • The major passes in the Himalaya are Karakonam Pass and Zojila Pass (Ladakh), Shipkila Pass (Himachal Pradesh), Bomdila Pass (Arunachal Pradesh), Nathula Pass and Jhelepla Pass (Sikkim). • The Khyber Pass which connects Pakistan and Afganisthan, Bolan Pass in Pakistan are the important passes of the Indian subcontinent.
(iii) The Outer Himalayas/The Siwaliks The Siwaliks extend from Jammu and Kashmir to Assam. It is partly made by the debris brought by the Himalayan rivers. The altitude varying between and metres average elevation of this range is m. The width of Siwaliks varies from km in the east to km in the west.
It is the most discontinuous range. The longitudinal