Movement The Dravidian movement emerged as a defence of the non- Brahmins against the Brahmin dominance. An organisation called The Madras Non- Brahmin Association was founded in to help the non- Brahmin students. In , C. Natesanar, a medical doctor, founded the Madras United League, later renamed Dr.
C. Natesanar Hindu religious orthodoxy. Abraham Pandithar ( – ) gave prominence to Tamil music and published books on the history of Tamil music. C.W.
Damotharanar, U.V. Swaminathar, Thiru Vi. Kaliyanasundaram ( – ), Parithimar Kalaignar ( - ), Maraimalai Adigal ( – ), Subramania Bharathi ( – ), S. Vaiyapuri ( – ), and the poet Bharatidasan ( – ), in their own ways and through their writings, contributed to the revival of Tamil literature.
Meanwhile, M. Singaravelar ( – ) an early pioneer in Buddhist revival, promoted communism and socialism to counter the colonial power. Pandithar Iyotheethassar ( – ) and Periyar E.V. Ramasamy ( – ) held high the radical philosophy to defend the rights of the socially underprivileged and marginalised section of the people.
V.G. Suryanarayana Sastri (Parithimar Kalaignar) V.G. Suryanarayana Sastri ( - ), born near Madurai, was professor of Tamil at the Madras Christian College. He was one of the earliest scholars to identify the influence of Sanskrit on Tamil, and adopted a pure Tamil name for himself: Parithimar Kalaignar.
He was the first to argue that Tamil is a classical language, and demanded that the University of Madras should not call Tamil a vernacular language. Influenced by Western literary models, he introduced the sonnet form in Tamil. He also wrote novels and plays, and a number of essays on science. Tragically, he died at the young age of .
Maraimalai Adigal Maraimalai Adigal ( – ) is considered the father of Tamil linguistic purism and the founder of Tani Tamil Iyakkam (Pure Tamil Movement). He wrote commentaries Parithimar Kalaignar Maraimalai Adigal Social Transformation in Tamil Nadu Congress Party boycotting the legislature, the Justice Party continued to remain in office until elections were held. In the elections the Indian National Congress contested the elections for the first time and trounced the Justice Party. Programmes and