SILK AND SPICE ROUTE

SILK AND SPICE ROUTE EUROPE EGYPT AFRICA SOMALIA ARABIA PERSIA INDIA CHINA A S I A JAVA AUSTRALIA INDIAN OCEAN M E D I T E R R A N E A N S E A LEGEND LAND ROUTE SEA ROUTE Silk Route and Spice Route - - . . AM - - . . AM Globalization and Trade European Traders This was due to the trading activities of the various European companies which came to India during this period. The discovery of a new all-sea route from Europe to India Via cape of Good Hope by Vasco da Gama had far-reaching repercussions on the civilized world. The Portuguese The Portuguese under the leadership of Vasco da Gama landed at Calicut on May, . Profits from goods brought by Vasco do Gama to Portugal were to times cost of the entire expedition to India. The second trip of Vasco da Gama in led to the establishment of trading station at Calicut, Cochin and Cannanore. Cochin was the early capital of the Portuguese in India. The Dutch The Dutch undertook several voyages from and formed the Dutch East India company (VOC) in . In , Admiral van der Hagen established Dutch Factory at Masulipatnam and Pettapoli (Nizamapatanam), Devanampatinam. In , upon negotiating with the king of Chandragiri, found another facatory at Pulicut. Other commodities exported by the Dutch were indigo, and Bengal raw silk. Pulicut was the headquarters of the Dutch in India. The British On st December, , Queen Elizabeth granted charter to The East India Company. On the south-eastern coast, the English established at Masulipatnam in and near Pulical in . The Sultan of Golconda granted the English the “Golden Fireman” in by which they were allowed to trade freely in their “Kingdom Ports”. In , built a fortified factory in Madras which known as Fort St.George. The Danes The Danes formed an East India company and arrived in India in . The Danish settlements were established at Tranquebar ( in Tamil Nadu) in which was the headquarters of Danes in India. They failed to strengthen themselves, in India and in were forced to sell all their India settlements to the British. The French The first French factory in India was established in by obtaining permission from the Sultan of Golconda. In , the Dutch captured Pondicherry but was handed back to the French. In , Pondicherry was the headquarters of the French.