respectively. When they drop electrons and hydrogen off they go back to their original form. The reaction in which NAD and FAD gain (reduction) or lose (oxidation) electrons are called redox reaction (Oxidation reduction reaction). These reactions are important in cellular respiration.
. Types of Respiration Respiration is classified into two types as aerobic and anaerobic respiration (Figure . ) Table . : Differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration Aerobic respiration Anaerobic Respiration .
It occurs in all living cells of higher organisms. It occurs yeast and some bacteria. . It requires oxygen for breaking the respiratory substrate.
Oxygen is not required for breaking the respiratory substrate. . The end products are CO and H O. The end products are alcohol, and CO (or) lactic acid.
. . Oxidation of one molecule of glucose produces ATP molecules. Only ATP molecules are produced.
. It consists of four stages-glycolysis, link reaction, TCA cycle and electron transport chain. It consists of two stages-glycolysis and fermentation. .
It occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria. It occurs only in cytoplasm. ATP is not only higher energy compound present in a cell. There are other higher energy compounds also present.
Example GTP (Guanosine Tri Phosphate) and UTP (Uridine Tri Phosphate). . Stages of Respiration . Glycolysis-conversion of glucose into pyruvic acid in cytoplasm of cell.
. Link reaction-conversion of pyruvic acid into acetyl coenzyme-A in mitochondrial matrix. . Krebs cycle-conversion of acetyl coenzyme A into carbon dioxide and water in the mitochondrial matrix.
. Electron transport chain to tranfer electrons remove hydrogen ions and tranfer electrons from the products of glycolysis, link reaction and Krebs cycle It takes place in mitochondrial inner membrane to release ATP with water molecule by terminal oxidation (Figure . ). .
. Glycolysis ( Gr: Glykos Glucose, Lysis Splitting) Glycolysis is a linear series of reactions in which -carbon glucose is split into two molecules of -carbon pyruvic acid. The enzymes which are required for glycolysis are present in the cytoplasm (Figure . ).
The reactions of glycolysis were worked out in