Origin of Species ( ) by Charles Darwin has given stimulus for the emergence of phylogenetic system of classification. Series (iii) Bicarpellatae: The flowers are hypogynous, superior ovary and with two carpels. Bicarpellatae includes orders and families. Sub-class .
Monochlamydeae: Plants with incomplete flowers either apetalous or with undifferentiated calyx and corolla are placed under Monochlamydeae. The sepals and petals are not distinguished and they are called perianth. Sometimes both the whorls are absent. Monochlamydeae includes series and families.
Class II Gymnospermae: Plants that contain naked seeds come under this class. Gymnospermae includes three families – Gnetaceae, Coniferae and Cycadaceae. Class III Monocotyledonae: Plants contain only one cotyledon in their seed, leaves with parallel venation, fibrous root system and trimerous flowers come under this class. The Monocotyledonae has series and families.
Seed plants Class I Dicotyledonae Class II Gymnospermae Class III Monocotyledonae families . Gnetaceae . Coniferae . Cycadaceae Sub-class I Polypetalae Sub-class II Gamopetalae Sub-class III Monochlamydeae series and families Series (i) Thalamiflorae orders and families Series (ii) Disciflorae 4orders and families Series (iii) Calyciflorae 5orders and families Series (i) Inferae orders and families Series (ii) Heteromerae orders and families Series (iii) Bicarpellatae orders and families 7series and families Figure .
: Bentham and Hooker system of classification I Adolph Engler and Karl A Prantl system of classification Figure . : Adolph Engler and Karl A Prantl One of the earliest phylogenetic system of classification of the entire plant Kingdom was jointly proposed by two German botanists Adolph Engler ( - ) and Karl A Prantl ( - ). They published their classification in a monumental work “ Die Naturelichen Pflanzen Familien ” in volumes ( - ) In this system of classification the plant kingdom was divided into divisions. The first divisions are Thallophytes , twelfth division is Embryophyta Asiphonogama (plants with embryos but no pollen tubes; Bryophytes and Pteridophytes) and the thirteenth division is Embryophyta Siphonogama (plants with embryos and pollen tubes) which