is a fertilized and ripened ovary. The branch of horticulture that deals with the study of fruits and their cultivation is called pomology . . .
Structure of Fruit Fruit has a fruit wall. It is otherwise called pericarp . It is differentiated into outer epicarp , middle mesocarp and inner endocarp . The inner part of the fruit is occupied by the seed.
. . Types of Fruit Fruits are classified into three types: Simple Fruits The fruits are derived from a single ovary of a flower Example: Mango, Tomato. Simple fruits are classified based on the nature of pericarp as follows.
A. Fleshy Fruit The fruits are derived from single pistil where the pericarp is fleshy, succulent and differentiated into Figure . : (a) Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Br Brl K ( ) C A (∞ ) G ( ) Figure . : (b) Ixora coccinea K ( ) C ( ) A G ( ) Br Ebrl Male Flower Female Flower • • Figure .
: (d) Cocos nucifera Br Ebrl + A + G Br Ebrl + A G ( ) P P Ocng"hnqygt Hgocng"hnqygt Figure . : (c) Phyllanthus amarus Br Ebrl P + A ( ) G Br Ebrl P + A G ( ) epicarp, mesocarp and endocarp. It is subdivided into the following. a) Berry : Fruit develops from bicarpellary or multicarpellary, syncarpous ovary.
Here the epicarp is thin, the mesocarp and endocarp remain undifferentiated. They form a pulp in which the seeds are embedded. Example: Tomato, Grapes, Brinjal. b) Drupe : Fruit develops from monocarpellary, superior ovary.
It is usually one seeded. Pericarp is differentiated into outer skinny epicarp, fleshy and pulpy mesocarp and hard and stony endocarp around the seed. Example: Mango, Coconut. c) Pepo : Fruit develops from tricarpellary inferior ovary.
Pericarp turns leathery or woody which encloses, fleshy mesocarp and smooth endocarp. Example: Cucumber, Watermelon, Bottle gourd, Pumpkin. d) Hesperidium : Fruit develops from multicarpellary, multilocular, syncarpous, superior ovary. The fruit wall is differentiated into leathery epicarp with oil glands, a middle fibrous mesocarp.
The endocarp forms distinct chambers, containing juicy