12.7 Aquaculture

Aquaculture has been practiced in varying forms for centuries dating to the time of the Phoenicians. India offers a huge potential for aquaculture development. Fish culture received notable attention in Tamil Nadu in . Aquaculture is a branch of science that deals with the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic plants.

On the basis of source, aquaculture can be classified into three categories. They are (a) Freshwater aquaculture (b) Brackish water aquaculture (c) Marine water aquaculture . Culturing of fishes is called fish culture or pisciculture. Inland water bodies include freshwater bodies like rivers, canals, streams, lakes, flood plain wetlands, reservoirs, ponds, tanks and other derelict water bodies and ponds constructed for fresh water aquaculture.

The pH of the freshwater should be around neutral and salinity below ppt (parts per thousand). Brackish water fishes spend most of its life in river mouths (estuaries) back a. Growing fish or other aquatic animals and plants together in an integrated system. The fish wastes provides nutrients for the plants and the plants filter the water.

Additionally bacteria break down by-products such as ammonia. b. Growing plants in a nutrient solution instead of soil. Fish kept in the water provide the required nutrients.

Write the appropriate scientific terms for above (a) and (b) and differentiate between them.. waters, mangrove swamps and coastal lagoons. Estuarine fish are more common in Bengal and Kerala. Culturing of animals in the water having salinity range .

ppt are called as brackish water culture. Fishes cultured in brackish water are Milk fish ( Chanos Chanos) , Sea bass