6.9 Effects of Smoking

. Effects of Smoking Today due to curiosity, excitement or adventure youngsters start to smoke and later get addicted to smoking. Research says about % of the lung cancer is due to cigarette smoking. Smoking is inhaling the smoke from burning tobacco. There are thousands of known chemicals which includes nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide, ammonia, sulphur– dioxide and even small quantities of arsenic. Carbon monoxide and nicotine damage the cardiovascular system and tar damages the gaseous exchange system. Nicotine is the chemical that causes addiction and is a stimulant which makes the heart beat faster and the narrowing of blood vessels results in raised blood pressure and coronary heart diseases. XI Std Biology-Zoology Chapter- People at higher level than the sea level are prompted to altitude sickness as the barometric pressure is low in those regions. Surfactant, emphysema, Asthma and Dead space have been discussed. During vigorous exercise the rate of respiration increases. Respiratory volumes and capacities indicate the amount of air inspired and expired during normal respiration. Our respiratory system can be affected by pollutants, pathogens and other chemical substances found in air. Lung cancer and emphysema cannot be cured and these diseases are common among cigarette smokers. Activity To test the presence of CO in ­exhaled air Take two test tubes A and B with few mL of clear lime water. Blow exhaled air into A with a help of a straw and pass normal air into B with a help of a syringe for about times and observe the changes that occur in the tubes A and B. The lime water (Calcium Hydroxide) in the test tube A turns milky.