Disorders of Respiratory System

Disorders of Respiratory System Pulmonary embolism Pulmonary edema Bronchitis Emphysema Asthma Lung cancer Atelectasis Tuberculosis Pneumonia Pleurisy Blood clot in lung Healthy Mucus Mucus Normal air sacs Normal Pulmonary Edema Emphysema air sacs Clear alveoli, no in lungs Fluid build-up in into lungs Destructiuon and enlargement of air spaces Tuberculosis bacteria Active TB infection in the lungs Lining of the lung Lung Airway narrowing Asthmatic airway Cancerous tumor lymph node Constricted airway Normal airway Collapsed Lung XI Std Biology-Zoology Chapter- Mechanism of Respira on Inspiraon and Expiraon happens due to pressure changes in the thoracic cavity. By the contracon and expansion of diaphragm, external intercostal muscles and internal intercostal muscles the volume of the thoracic cavity is reduced or increased. The act of breathing is performed by expansion and contracon of the thoracic cavity. INSPIRATION An acve process by which fresh air is drawn into the lungs. The contracon of external intercostal muscle causes the ribs to move anteriorly and outwardly. The contracon of the diaphragm leads to flaening of inelasc, dome shaped central part of the diaphragm. EXPIRATION A passive process by which air is exhaled from the lungs. The diaphragm relaxes and rises to resume its original dome shape. The ribs take their original posion as a result of contracon of the internal intercostal muscles.