females and high-quality meat yielding bulls in a short time. Breeds of Dairy animals Dairying is the production and marketing of milk and its products. Dairy operation consists of proper maintenance of cattle, the collection and processing the milk and its by products. There are well defined breeds of cattle and breeds of buffaloes in India.
Cattles are classified under three groups based on the purpose they serve to man (Figure . ). They are i. Dairy breeds or Milch breeds : They are high milk yielders with extended lactation.
Eg., Sindhi, Gir, Sahiwal, Jersy, Brown Swiss, Holstein cattle. ii. Draught purpose breeds : Bullocks are good for draught purpose. Eg.
Kangayam, Malvi. iii. Dual Purpose breeds : Cows are meant for yielding more milk and bullocks are used for better drought purpose. Eg.
Ongole, Hariana. To meet the milk demand of the growing population, milk breeds are preferred by farmers in small scale farms. Goats are also used all over India for supplementing deficiencies in milk production. Some of the breeds of cattle that are good milkers are Jamunapari in Ganga-Jamuna riverine tracts, Beetal in Punjab, Bar–bari in Uttarpradesh.
Vechur breed is the smallest breed of Cow as per World Guinness Records. Average length: 124cms Average height: cms Origin: Vechur village, Kottayam District of Kerala It produces large amount of milk in relation to the food consumption India is the largest producer of Milk, globally. India has many popular breeds of cows and buffaloes. Prominent indigenous cow breeds in India - Gir, Red sindhi, Sahiwal, Hallikar, Amritmahal, Khillari, Kangayam, Bargur, Umblachery, Pulikulam, Alambadi, Tharparkar, Haryana, Kankrej, Ongole, Krishna valley and Deoni.
Gir Kangeyam Ongole Figure . Different breeds of cattle XI Std Biology-Zoology Chapter- Common diseases of cattle: A healthy animal eat, drinks and sleeps well regularly. Healthy cattle appear bright, alert and active in their movement with a shiny coat. Cattle are affected by a large number of diseases.
Cattle in ill health appear dull, restless and change posture frequently with drop in milk yield. The main diseases of dairy