REAL GASES Gases obey following gas laws under all conditions . Boyle's Law P α (T, n constant) Charles Law - V α T (P, n constant) . Gay Lusaac - P α T (V, n constant) . Avogadro's Hypothesis - V α n (T, P constant) .
Ideal gas equation PV = nRT obey Van der Waals equation P a n nb nRT ( ) ↓ Critical constant a R b C = , P a b C = and V C = 3b Diffusion Graham's Law of diffusion Critical phenomenon Critical temperature Critical volume Critical pressure Liquefaction of gases Joule-Thomson effect 11th Std Chemistry 11th Std Chemistry - - - - Properties of Gases Step – Open the Browser and type the URL given (or) Scan the QR Code. In the website click the gas properties applet, then you will see a Java applet named ‘gas properties’ opening up as shown in the figure. Set up instructions: • In the chamber ( ) you can pump some gas molecules by using the pump handle ( ). • The temperature ( ) and pressure ( ) of the gas molecules in the chamber can be monitored by using the corresponding gauges.
• The volume of the chamber can be altered by moving the left side wall ( ). • The temperature of the chamber can be altered by heating or cooling using the slider ( ) • Any of the three properties can be kept as constant by making appropriate selections in the box ( ) Verifying the gas laws: By using the above instructions you can understand the gas laws. To understand the Boyle’s law, keep the temperature constant ( ) and pump few molecules of gas ( ) and keep it as constant. Now reduce the volume by pushing the left side wall ( ) then you can see that the pressure of the gas increases.
Similarly the other two gas laws can also be verified. By using this tool you will be able to understand the relationship between T,