ICT Corner Structure of simple molecules: By selecting the real molecules icon in indicated in the box , you will be able to see a screen as shown below. In this screen, use the dropdown menu indicated in box you can select a molecule. Use the option in the box you can visualise the lone pairs and bond pairs in the molecules. Steps Open the Browser and type the URL given (or) Scan the QR Code.
Double click the ‘models’ icon given in this page. Now you will see the web page as shown in the figure. Now, by selecting the number of bond pairs and lone pairs using the options in the box and ef- fectively, you visualize the corresponding molecular geometry. You can see the angles between the bonds selecting the “Show bond angles” indicated in box .
You can also visualize the molecular geometry and the electron geometry by selecting correspond- ing option in box . Unit Unit - - - - Learning Objectives After studying this unit students will be able to • understand the reason for the tetra valency of carbon and shapes of organic molecules • classify the organic compounds • name the organic compounds according to IUPAC nomenclature and derive the structure from the IUPAC name • describe various types of isomerism • explain the principles of detection and estimation of elements in organic compounds • describe various techniques used in the purification of organic compounds . Introduction Organic chemistry is the study of compounds of carbon. Carbon has a tendency to form more compounds with itself and other atoms (H, O, N, S and halogens) than any other elements.
The tendency of an atom to form a chain of bonds with the atoms of the same element is called catenation. The high strength of C-C bond is responsible for its catenation property. The word 'organic' means 'derived from living organisms'. Organic compounds were thought to be found only in living things.
Cell the basic unit of living things, consumes, creates and consists of mainly organic compounds. DNA, the genetic material, the