Principles and Techniques

After studying this unit, you will be able to u n d e r s t a n d r e a s o n s f o r tetravalence of carbon and shapes of organic molecules; write structures of organic molecules in various ways; classify the organic compounds; name the compounds according to IUPAC system of nomenclature and also derive their structures from the given names; understand the concept of organic reaction mechanism; explain the influence of electronic displacements on structure and reactivity of organic compounds; recognise the types of organic reactions; lear n the techniques of p u r i f i c a t i o n o f o r g a n i c compounds; write the chemical reactions involved in the qualitative analysis of organic compounds; understand the principles involved in quantitative analysis of organic compounds. I n the previous unit you have learnt that the element carbon has the unique property called catenation due to which it forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms. It also forms covalent bonds with atoms of other elements like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and halogens. The resulting compounds are studied under a separate branch of chemistry called organic chemistry .

This unit incorporates some basic principles and techniques of analysis required for understanding the formation and properties of organic compounds.