Late Antiquity · Part 5

c. Constantine issues new gold coinage (the ‘solidus’) Constantine converts to Christianity Constantine now sole ruler of empire; founds city of Constantinople - Life of Augustine, bishop of Hippo Goths inflict crushing defeat on Roman armies at Adrianople Destruction of the Serapeum (temple of Serapis) at Alexandria Sack of Rome by the Visigoths Vandals capture Africa - Empire of Attila the Hun Ostrogoths establish kingdom in Italy - Recovery of Africa and Italy by Justinian - Outbreaks of bubonic plague Lombards invade Italy c. Birth of Muhammad - Persian ruler Khusro II invades and occupies eastern Roman territories Muhammad and companions leave Mecca for Medina - First and crucial phase of the Arab conquests; Muslim armies take Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Iraq and parts of Iran - Umayyad dynasty in Syria Arabs capture Carthage Arab invasion of Spain RULERS BCE - CE Augustus, first Roman emperor - Tiberius - Trajan - Hadrian - Septimius Severus - reign of Shapur I in Iran - Gallienus - the ‘Tetrarchy’; Diocletian main ruler - Constantine - reign of Shapur II in Iran - Theodosius II (compiler of the famous ‘Theodosian Code’) - Anastasius - Justinian - reign of Khusro I in Iran - Heraclius A N E MPIRE A CROSS T HREE C ONTINENTS T HEMES IN W ORLD H ISTORY