may have been a district-level police office. The officials connected specifically with the royal establishment included the mahapratiara (chief of the palace guards) and the khadyatapakita (superintendent of the royal kitchen). A Vaishali seal mentions a person both as a mahapratihara and a taravara. The top layer of the administrative structure also included amatyas and sachivas , who were executive officers in charge of various departments.
The system of espionage included spies known as dutakas . The ayuktakas were another cadre of high-ranking officers.