ICT CORNER

ICT CORNER Step4 Step2 Step1 Step3 . Learning Objectives In this unit, the student is exposed to • inter atomic or intermolecular forces in matter • stress, strain and elastic modulus • surface tension • viscosity • properties of fluids and their applications INTRODUCTION One of the oldest dams in the world is Kallanai ( கல்லணை ) located at Trichy. Kallanai was built across river Kaveri for the purpose of irrigation. During heavy floods, the velocity of water is generally very high in river Kaveri. The stability and utility of ICT CORNER Step4 Step2 Step1 Step3 . Learning Objectives In this unit, a student is exposed to • meaning of heat, work and temperature • ideal gas laws • concept of specific heat capacity • thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases • various states of matter • Newton’s law of cooling • Stefan’s law and Wien’s law • meaning of thermodynamic equilibrium • meaning of internal energy • zeroth and first laws of thermodynamics • various thermodynamic processes • work done in various thermodynamic processes • second law of thermodynamics • working of carnot engine and refrigerator HEAT AND TEMPERATURE . . Introduction Temperature and heat play very important role in everyday life. All species can function properly only if its body is maintained at a particular temperature. In fact life on Earth is possible because the Sun maintains its temperature. Understanding the meaning of temperature and heat are very crucial to understand the nature. Thermodynamics ICT CORNER Step4 Step2 Step1 Step3 . Learning Objectives In this unit, the student is exposed to • necessity of kinetic theory of gases • the microscopic origin of pressure and temperature • correlate the internal energy of the gas and translational kinetic energy of gas molecules • meaning of degrees of freedom • calculate the total degrees of freedom for mono atomic, diatomic and triatomic molecules • law of equipartition of energy • calculation of the ratio of C P and C V • mean free path and its dependence with pressure, temperature and number density • Brownian motion and its microscopic origin KINETIC THEORY . . Introduction Thermodynamics is basically a macroscopic science. We discussed macroscopic parameters like pressure, temperature and volume of thermodynamical systems in unit . In this unit we discuss the microscopic origin of pressure and temperature by considering a thermodynamic system as collection of particles or molecules. Kinetic theory relates pressure and temperature to molecular motion of sample of a gas and it is a bridge between Newtonian mechanics and thermodynamics. The present chapter introduces the kinetic nature of gas molecules. ICT CORNER Step4 Step2 Step1 Step3 . Learning Objectives In this unit, the student is exposed to • oscillatory motion – periodic motion and non-periodic motion • simple harmonic motion • angular harmonic motion • linear harmonic oscillator – both horizontal and vertical • combination of springs – series and parallel • simple pendulum • expression of energy – potential energy, kinetic energy and total energy • graphical representation of simple harmonic motion • types of oscillation – free, damped, maintained and forced oscillations • concept of resonance Have you seen the Thanjavur Dancing Doll (In Tamil, it is called ‘Thanjavur thalayatti bommai’)?. It is a world famous Indian cultural doll (Figure . ). What does this