to creating feelings of self-doubt in the child. Securely attached infants respond positively when picked up, move freely, and play whereas insecurely attached infants feel anxious when separated and cry due to fear and get upset. A close interactive relationship with warm and affectionate adults is a child’s first step towards healthy development. C HILDHOOD The child’s growth slows down during early childhood as compared to infancy.
The child develops physically, gains height and weight, Stage Approximate Age Characteristics Sensorimotor - years Infant explores the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical actions. Preoperational - years Symbolic thought develops; object permanence is established; the child cannot coordinate different physical attributes of an object. Concrete operational - years The child can reason logically about concrete events and classify objects into different sets. Is able to perform reversible mental operations on representations of objects.
Formal operational - years The adolescent can apply logic more abstractly; hypothetical thinking develops. TTTTTable able . Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development learns to walk, runs, jumps, and plays with a ball. Socially, the child’s world expands from the parents to the family and adults near home and at school.
The child also begins to acquire the concepts of good and bad, i.e. develops a sense of morality. During childhood, children have increased physical capacities, can perform tasks independently, can set goals, and meet adult expectations. The increasing maturation of the brain along with opportunities to experience the world, contribute to development of children’s cognitive abilities.
Physical Development : Early develop- ment follows two principles : (i) development proceeds cephalocaudally , i.e. from the cephalic or head region to the caudal or tail region. Children gain control over the upper part of the body before the lower part. This is why you would notice that the infant’s head is proportionately larger than her/his body during early infancy or if you see an infant crawling, s/he will use the arms first and then shift to using the legs,