the other person’s subsequent action or actions such as: entering into the train compartment and returning with a bag. Based on your observation you would Fig. . : Is the mouse making a True and Valid Conclusion?
All cats have four legs, I have four legs, therefore I am a cat applying brakes on seeing the red light. However, evaluating a novel or a literary text requires reference to your past knowledge and experience. Judging the beauty of a painting would involve your personal preferences. Thus our judgments are not independent of our beliefs and attitudes.
We also make changes in our judgments based on newly acquired information. Consider this example. A new teacher joins the school, students make on- the-spot judgment of the teacher as being very strict. However, in subsequent classes, they closely interact with the teacher and make changes in their evaluation.
Now they judge the teacher to be extremely student- friendly. Many of the problems you solve each day require you to make decisions. What to wear for the party? What to eat for dinner?
What to say to your friend? The answer to all these lies in picking or choosing one of several choices. In decision-making, we sometimes choose among options based on choices of personal significance. Judgment and decision- making are interrelated processes.
In decision- making the problem before us is to choose among alternatives by evaluating the cost and benefit associated with each alternative. For example, when you have the option to choose between psychology and economics as subjects in Class XI, your decision would be based upon your interest, future prospects, availability of books, efficiency of teachers, etc. You could evaluate them by talking to seniors and faculty members and attending a few classes, etc. Decision-making differs from other types of problem solving.
In decision- making we already know the various solutions or choices and one has to be selected. Suppose your friend is a very good player of badminton. S/he is getting an opportunity to play at the state level. At the same time the final examination is approaching and s/he