Pregnancy (MTP) Medical method of abortion is a voluntary or intentional termination of pregnancy in a non-surgical or non-invasive way. Early medical termination is extremely safe upto weeks (the first trimester) of male whereas in female it is used to cover vagina and cervix just before coitus so as to prevent the entry of ejaculated semen into the female reproductive tract. This can prevent conception. Condoms should be discarded after a single use.
Condom also safeguards the user from STDs like AIDS. Condoms are made of polyurethane, latex and lambskin. Diaphragms, cervical caps and vaults are made of rubber and are inserted into the female reproductive tract to cover the cervix before coitus in order to prevent the sperms from entering the uterus. c.
Hormonal barrier It prevents the ovaries from releasing the ova and thickens the cervical fluid which keeps the sperm away from ovum. Oral contraceptives — Pills are used to prevent ovulation by inhibiting the secretion of FSH and LH hormones. A combined pill is the most commonly used birth control pill. It contains synthetic progesterone and estrogen hormones.
Saheli, contraceptive pill by Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI) in Lucknow, India contains a non-steroidal preparation called Centchroman . d. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) Intrauterine devices are inserted by medical experts in the uterus through the vagina. These devices are available as copper releasing IUDs, hormone releasing IUDs and non-medicated IUDs.
IUDs increase phagocytosis of sperm within the uterus. IUDs are the ideal contraceptives for females who want to delay pregnancy. It is one of the popular methods of contraception in India and has a success rate of to %. Copper releasing IUDs differ from each other by the amount of copper.
Copper XII Std Biology-Zoology Chapter- XII Std Biology-Zoology Chapter- Reproductive Health of infusion needles, surgical instruments, etc with infected people, blood transfusion or from infected mother to baby. People in the age of to years are prone to these infections. The bacterial STI are gonorrhoea, syphilis, chancroid, chlamydiasis and lymphogranuloma venereum. The viral STI are genital herpes, genital warts, Hepatitis-B and AIDS .
Trichomoniasis is a protozoan STI, and candidiasis is a fungal STI . STI caused by bacteria, fungi and protozoa or parasites, can be treated with antibiotics or other medicines, whereas STI caused by virus cannot be treated but the symptoms can be controlled by antiviral medications. Latex condoms usage greatly reduces the risk, but does not completely eliminate the risk of transmission of STI.