REASONING

REASONING . Action with sodium bicarbonate: Carboxylic acids react with Sodium bicarbonate and liberate CO . Evolution of carbon dioxide gives brisk effervescence. R-COOH+ NaHCO R-COONa+CO H ↑+ . Action with Borsches reagent: Borsches reagent is prepared by dissolving , -dinitrophenylhydrazine in a solution containing methanol and little of conc sulphuric acid. Aldehydes and ketones react with borsches reagent to form yellow, orange or red precipitate (dinitro phenylhydrazone) Aliphatic carbonyl compounds give deep yellow precipitate. Aromatic carbonyl compounds give red precipitate. , -dinitrophenyl hydrazine can be used to qualitatively detect the carbonyl group of an aldehyde or ketone. A positive result is indicated by the formation of an yellow or orange-red precipitate of , -dinitrophenyl hydrazone. , dinitrophenylhydrazine NO O N H N H N C H R NO O N H N N C R H Aldehyde Aldehyde , dinitrophenylhydrazone (Yellow or orange) , dinitrophenylhydrazine NO O N H N H N C R R NO O N H N N C R R Ketone Ketone , dinitrophenylhydrazone (Yellow or orange or red)