12.1 Nomenclature of Aldehydes and ketones

. Nomenclature of Aldehydes and ketones We have already learnt the IUPAC system of nomenclature of organic compounds in XI th standard. Let us apply the rules to name the following compounds. Compound (common name, Structural formula, IUPAC Name) IUPAC Name Prefix with position number Root used Primary suffix Secondary Suffix Formaldehyde H – CHO methanal – meth ane / al Acetaldehyde CH – CHO ethanal – eth ane / al Acrolein CH = CH – CHO prop – - enal – prop -en e / al Crotonaldehyde CH – CH = CH – CHO but – – enal – but -en e / al Glyceraldehyde HO CH CHO , – dihydroxy propanal , dihydroxy prop ane / al XII U12-Carbonyl XII U12-Carbonyl - - - - Benzaldehyde CHO phenyl methanal phenyl meth ane / al Acetone / Dimethyl ketone CH – CO – CH propanone – prop ane / one Mesityl oxide (CH ) C = CHCOCH – methylpent- -en- -one – methyl pent -en e / -one Methyl Phenyl ketone C H Acetophenone (PIN)* -phenylethan- -one -phenyl eth ane / -one Diphenyl ketone C H C H Benzophenone (PIN)* Diphenylmethanone Diphenyl meth ane / one CHO - oxopentanal - oxo pent ane / al COOH – formylbenzoicacid – formyl benz oicacid -methylcyclopent– , -dien- -one -methyl cyclopent , dien e / -one * PIN– Preferred IUPAC name XII U12-Carbonyl XII U12-Carbonyl - - - - Evaluate yourself i) Write the IUPAC name for the following compound