C H Phenyl hydrazone XII U12-Carbonyl XII U12-Carbonyl - - - - NH C NH Semi carbabazide NH C = NH Semi carbazone NH NO NO , – dinitrophenyl hydrazine C = N NH NO NO , – dinitrophenyl hydrazone i) Reaction with hydroxyl amine Aldehyde and ketones react with hydroxylamine to form oxime. Example: C = O + H N OH CH C = N OH + H O H + Acetaldehyde Hydroxylamine Acetaldoxime (ethanal) (N - ethylidene hydroxylamine) ii) Reaction with hydrazine Aldehydes and ketones react with hydrazine to form hydrazone. Example: C = O + H N NH C = N NH + H O H + Acetone Hydrazine Acetone hydrazone iii) Reaction with phenyl hydrazine Aldehydes and ketones react with phenyl hydrazine to form phenyl hydrazone . Example: C = O + H N NHC H CH C = N NHC H + H O H + Acetone Phenyl hydrazine Acetone phenyl hydrazone XII U12-Carbonyl XII U12-Carbonyl - - - - ) Reaction with NH i) Aliphatic aldehydes (except formaldehyde) react with an ethereal solution of ammonia to form aldimines.
CH C + H NH Acetaldehyde Acetaldehyde ammonia - H O Aldimine CH C NH CH CH = NH ii) Formaldehyde reacts with ammonia to form hexa methylene tetramine, which is also known as Urotropine . 6HCHO + NH (CH ) N + H O Formaldehyde Hexamethylene tetramine Structure H C Uses (i) Urotropine is used as a medicine to treat urinary infection. (ii) Nitration of Urotropine under controlled condition gives an explosive RDX (Research and development explosive). It is also called cyclonite or cyclotri methylene trinitramine.
iii) Acetone reacts with ammonia to form diacetone amine. CH C Acetone Diacetone amine Acetone NH H CH NH XII U12-Carbonyl XII U12-Carbonyl - -