wage labourers. Their leader was Maximilian Robespierre. A majority of the members of the Jacobin club wore long- striped trousers as against the trousers with knee breeches usually worn by the noble class. In order to differentiate from them, they called themselves ‘the people without knee breaches’ ( sans-culottes ).
Another lawyer Danton dominated the Cordelier Club. Lafayette Robespierre Danton A song for French troops from Marseilles composed ( ) by Roget de Lisle came to be called La Marseillaise . By a degree enacted on July , it was declared the national anthem of France The Age of Revolutions Rule of Jacobins Robespierre did not want to lose the gains made in the previous four years and hence commenced his dictatorial rule. The Jacobins sent Girondin leaders to the guillotine, a beheading machine.
Danton was beheaded. The period between and was also a time of radical reforms. On February the Jacobin-dominated Convention decreed the abolition of slavery in all French Lands. Robespierre imposed a maximum ceiling on the wages of the people.
Food items such as bread and meat were rationed. Prices were fixed by the government for farm produces. The use of Sir and Madam was replaced by the use of the words male citizen and female citizen. Religious places such as churches were converted into army barracks.
Angered over the radicalisation of the government and at the base of society, his own party members turned against Robespierre. He was convicted and finally executed in . Dr Joseph-Ignace Guillotin was a French physician, who in an article wrote about a machine to quickly execute the convicts. Though he did not invent such a machine, it was named after him.
The invention is attributed to Antoine Louis. The Directory The allies who had overthrown Robespierre did not stay long in power. Those who hated the revolution began to take over the streets of Paris, attacking anyone who tried to defend the revolutionary ideals. There were two risings in April and May .