Jejunostomy Infusion techniques : Continous method - It implies continuous feeding through tubes by using a gravity flow or infusion pump. Cyclic method - This implies following a cycle of infusion by “ off and on “ periods. For example infusion is on for hours and then is stopped for hours. Interrupted method – this is like cyclic method but with regular interruptions like hours on and hours off periods.
Bolus method – when a large feed is administered in a short time for example cc in minutes. Types of enteral feeds : . Natural liquid feeds These comprise milk – (whole or skimmed), egg mixtures, sugar, molasses, strained cooked cereals, strained fruit juices, coconut water, vegetable oil, cream, non fat dry milk. .
Blenderized feeds Foods which cannot be swallowed are blended in a high speed blender into a smooth paste which is reconstituted with water to make a thin liquid. . Commercial polymeric mixtures These contain all the carbohydrate, protein, fat, water, electrolytes, micro nutrients and fibre required by a stable patient . Elemental feeds They are commercially predigested mixtures of amino acids , dextrins , sugars, electrolytes , vitamins and minerals with small amount of fat .
UNIT - Therapeutic - - Therapeutic diets . . Parenteral Nutrition It is another type of special feeding method where the patient is supplied the required nutrients intravenously , directly into a vein . Subclavian vein Clavicle TPN Superior vena cava Basilic vein Catheter Cephalic vein Median antebrachial vein Types of Parenteral Nutrition Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is the feeding method when no significant nutrition is obtained by other routes.
Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition (PPN) is the feeding method when administered through vein access in a limb , rather than through a central vein. . . .
Feeding solutions used are Glucose, Emulsified fat, crystalline amino acids, Vitamins (B , folic acid and K) electrolytes (sodium, chlorine, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium) trace minerals (zinc, copper , chromium , manganese and iodine) water. . . DIETITIAN A dietitian (also known as a clinical nutritionist) is