is, however, saving ( mg) due to cessation of menstruation (amenorrhea). The iron absorption is better when taken with Vitamin C rich fruits i.e. fruits like ‘amla’ (Indian gooseberry), guava and other citrus fruits. Liver, dried beans, dried fruits, green leafy vegetables, eggs, enrich serials and iron fortified salt provide additional sources of iron.
d) Vitamins i) Vitamin A Normal Requirements of ß - carotene for an adult woman is µg and during pregnancy it is increased to µg. Same level is suggested during pregnancy. Liver, egg yolk, butter, dark green and yellow vegetables and fruits are good sources of vitamin A. ii) Vitamin D Vitamin D is a highly essential as it enhances the maternal calcium absorption.
Its active form calcidiol and calcitriol cross the placenta with ease and play an important role in calcium metabolism of the foetus. Maternal deficiency of vitamin D results in neonatal hypocalcaemia and hypoplasia. iii) Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pyridoxine Since the requirements of B complex vitamins like thiamine, riboflavin, niacin UNIT. - - Nutrition in pregnancy, lactation and infancy are related to calories, the additional amount recommended during pregnancy and lactation are based on additional calories.
Thus, the additional amounts (mg) recommended during pregnancy is . mg thiamine, . mg riboflavin, and mg niacin equivalents. The additional amount of pyridoxine recommended is .
mg during pregnancy as well as lactation. iv) Folate During pregnancy there is considerable increase in the demand for folates, which are required for DNA synthesis in the rapidly growing tissue. The greatest significance of folic acid and its potential influence on pregnancy outcome is its role in preventing neural tube defects, such as spina bifida . Folic acid deficiency can lead to anencephaly.
Recommended daily intake for adults is 100µg and for pregnant women 400µg. To reach this level, the consumption of green vegetables should be increased and additional folate supplements should be given even in pre pregnancy stage and throughout pregnancy. v) Vitamin B The recommended intake of vitamin B12 for adults is 2µg per day. During pregnancy, additional amount is