) is noted. The readings are taken till V CE reaches a constant value. • The same procedure is repeated for different values of V CE . The readings are tabulated.
• A graph is plotted by taking V BE along x-axis and I B along y-axis for both the values of V CE . • The curves thus obtained are called the input characteristics of a transistor. • The reciprocal of the slope of these curves gives the input impedance of the transistor. S.
No V CE = 1V V CE = 2V V BE (V) I B (μA) V BE (V) I B (μA) Slope ∆ = ∆ BE Input impedance slope V CE =1V V CE =2V I B (µA) V BE (V) ∆ V BE ∆ I B XII- - ) XII- - ) - - - - PRACTICAL (ii) Output characteristic curve: V CE vs I C ( I B constant) • The base current I B is kept constant. • V CE is varied in steps of 1V and the corresponding collector current I C is noted. The readings are taken till the collector current becomes almost constant. • Initially I B is kept at mA and the corresponding collector current is noted.
This current is the reverse saturation current I CEO . • The experiment is repeated for various values of I B . The readings are tabulated. • A graph is drawn by taking V CE along x -axis and I C along y -axis for various values of I B .
• The set of curves thus obtained is called the output characteristics of a transistor. • The reciprocal of the slope of the curve gives output impedance of the transistor. S. No I B = μA I B = μA V CE (V) I C (mA) V CE (V) I C (mA) I C I B = (mA) V CE (V) ∆ V CE ∆ I C µA µA µA Slope ∆ =