main artery of the country’s inland transport. Railways cater to the needs of large scale movement of traffic, both for freight and passenger, thereby contributing to economic growth. Railways are considered as the backbone of the surface transport system of India. It promotes national integration by bringing people together.
It also promotes trade, tourism, education etc. Railways help in the commercialization of the agriculture sector by facilitating the bulky movement of India - Population, Transport, Communication & Trade Pipeline Transport Pipelines provided a very convenient mode of transport to connect oil and natural gas fields, refineries and to the markets. In the past, these were used to transport water to cities and industries. Now solids can also be transported through a pipeline when converted into slurry.
The initial cost for laying pipeline is high but subsequent running cost is minimum. It can be laid through difficult terrain, as well as under water. It ensures steady supply of goods and reduces the trans-shipment losses and delays. a) Metro Railways in India There are cities with metrorail connectivity in India.
They are Kolkata (West Bengal), Chennai (Tamil Nadu), Delhi, Bengaluru (Karnataka), Gurgaon (Haryana), Mumbai (Maharashtra), Jaipur (Rajasthan) and Kochi (Kerala). The metro in Kolkata is the first one in India. It is also called as Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS). As of November , India has km of operational metro lines and stations.
Not to Scale N S E W India - Population, Transport, Communication & Trade % of India’s foreign trade by volume and % by value moves through ocean routes. Coastal shipping plays an important role in transport of bulk goods in India. Shipping is not only the most economical mode of transport, it is also an environment friendly mode. The sea and oceanic routes are mainly used for international trade and are connected through ports.
There are major and minor or intermediate ports in India. The major ports are administered by the