Central Government and minor ports are managed and administered by various state governments. The major ports on the east coast are Kolkata (including Haldia Dock), Paradip, Visakhapatnam, Chennai, Ennore and Tuticorin. The major ports on the west coast are Kandla, Mumbai, Nhava Seva (Jawaharlal Nehru Port), New Mangalore, Marmagao and Kochi. India has four major shipyards.
. Hindustan shipyard in Vishakhapatnam . Garden Reach workshop in Kolkata, . Mazagaon Dock in Mumbai .
Kochi Shipyard in Kochi India is the second largest ship owning country in Asia and ranks 16th in the World. Air Transport Airways are the quickest, costliest, most modern and comfortable means of transport, Air transport facilitates connectivity on a national, regional and international scale. It has made accessibility easier by connecting difficult terrains like high mountains and sandy deserts. It carries passengers, freight and mail.
Air transport plays a key role in times of emergency, as well as in the event of natural and man-made calamities like floods, epidemics and wars. Air transport in India commenced on 18th February, , when Henry Piquet carried a mail from Allahabad to Naini. In , eight different airlines which were in operation in the country were nationalised. Oil field in Upper Assam to Kanpur, from Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab and gas pipeline from the Hazira in Gujarat to Jagadispur in Uttar Pradesh.
Waterways A waterway is an important mode of transport for both passenger and cargo traffic in India. It is the oldest and also the cheapest means of transport and most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky materials from one country to another. It is a fuel-efficient and eco-friendly mode of transport. The water transport is of two types- .
Inland Waterways . Ocean waterways(sea routes). a) Inland Waterways India has an extensive network of inland waterways in the form of rivers, canals, lakes and backwaters. It depends upon the depth and width of the waterways and the continuity of the water flow.
For the development, maintenance and regulation of national waterways in the country, the Inland waterways Authority was set up in . The