fluid, alkaline in reaction and is salty in taste. The body of an adult contains about – litres of blood which weighs / rd of the total body weight. Exercise produces the following effects. •• The effect of exercise on blood volume depends on the type and intensity of exercise.
•• During endurance training, the resting blood volume increases approximately by per cent. •• Plasma volume in the blood increases by per cent. •• Increase in blood volume is known as hemodilution. •• Increase in the number of blood vessels and their size too.
•• By continuous and endurance training, capillarisa tion takes place. Effects of Exercise on Respiratory System The mechanism of inspiration and expiration is known as respiration. It is controlled by medulla oblongata of the brain. It helps in adequate supply of O and elimination of CO from the body.
The effects of exercise on respiratory system are summarised as follows: Tidal volume: It is referred to as the volume of air inspired or expired per breath. During rest, it is around ml; during exercise it increases; during maximal Do You Know? There are two main types of muscle fibers; fast twitch muscle fibre and slow twitch muscle fibre. Activity .
Record the heart rate from radial artery or carotid artery before and after completing metre sprint. exercise, it increases to times above the resting values. Respiratory rate (F): It is also known as breathing rate or breathing frequency. It is defined as the number of breaths per minute.
At rest, it is – per minute, during exercise it increases to – times. Minute ventilation or Pulmonary ventilation (PV): It is commonly referred to as the breathing process of lungs during inhalation and exhalation. PV = Tidal volume × Respiratory rate PV = (TV × RR) During rest = litres/minute (PV changes with body size, it is smaller in female and larger in male.) During exercise: PV increases during exercising. The initial rise in the ventilation is due to the increased stimulation of the inspiratory centres caused