a given compound A is less electronegative than B. AB AB AB AB ClF ClF IF IF BrF BrF BrF IF IF BrCl ICl ICl IBr Properties of inter halogen compounds: i. The central atom will be the larger one ii. It can be formed only between two halogen and not more than two halogens.
Table . Table . XII XII - - - - iii. Fluorine can’t act as a central metal atom being the smallest one iv.
Due to high electronegativity with small size fluorine helps the central atom to attain high coordination number v. They can undergo the auto ionization. ⇀ ↽ ⇀ ↽ ICl I + ICl ICl ICl + ICl vi. They are strong oxidizing agents Reaction with alkali: When heated with the alkalis, larger halogen form oxyhalogens and the smaller forms halide.
BrF 5F + BrO ICl Cl + OI OH Bromate ion OH Hyp → → o iodite ion Structure of inter halogen compounds: The structures of different type of interhalogen compunds can be easily explained using VSEPR theory. The details are given below. Table . Type Structure Hybridisation bond pairs / lone pairs AX Linear sp / AX T shaped sp d / AX Square pyramidal sp d / AX Pentagonal bipyramidal sp d / .
. Oxides of halogen Fluorine reacts readily with oxygen and forms difluorine oxide (F O) and difluorine dioxide (F O ) where it has a - oxidation state. Other halogens do not react with oxygen readily. But the following oxides can be prepared by some indirect methods.
Except fluorine all the other halogens have positive oxidation states. Table . Type X O XO X O X O X O Others Oxidation state + + + + + - F - - - - - OF (- ) O