11.1 Classification of alcohols:

. Classification of alcohols: Alcohols can be classified based on the number of hydroxyl groups and the nature of the carbon to which the functional group (–OH) is attached. Alcohols (Monohydric alcohols) containing only one - OH group CH - CH - OH(ethanol) (Polyhydric alcohols) containing more than one -OH group -OH group attached to sp hybridised carbon -OH group attached to sp hybridised carbon eg: vinyl alcohol CH = CH - OH ethenol –OH group attached to alkyl group alcohol CH - C - OH ethanol CH = CH - CH - OH Prop- -en- -ol C H - CH - OH Phenylmethanol alcohol CH - C - OH propan- -ol CH = CH - CH - OH C H - CH - OH - -en- -ol -phenylethanol alcohol CH - C - OH CH = CH - C - OH C H - C - OH -methylpropan- -ol -methylbut- -en- -ol -phenylpropan- -ol examples: i) Dihydric alcohol HO - CH - CH - OH Glycol(ethan- , -diol) ii) Trihydric alcohol HO-CH -CHOH-CH -OH Glycerol(propan- , , -triol) iii) a hexahydric alcohol HO-CH -(CHOH) -CH -OH Sorbitol (hexan- , , , , , -hexol) an –OH group attached to allyl group an –OH group attached to a benzyl group but XII U11-Hydroxy XII U11-Hydroxy - - - -