. IUPAC Nomenclature We have already learnt about naming the organic compounds according to IUPAC guidelines in XI standard. Let us recall the basic rules to name the alcohols. .
Select the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms (root word) containing the functional group ( -OH ). . Number the carbon atoms in the chain so that the carbon bearing the -OH group has the lowest possible number. .
Name the substituent (if any) . Write the name of the alcohol as below. Prefix + Root word + Primary suffix + Secondary suffix (substituents) (longgest chain) (Saturation /unsaturation) (ol) The following table illustrates the IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols. Compound (common name, Structural formula, IUPAC Name) IUPAC Name Prefix with position number Root used Primary suffix Secondary Suffix Isopropyl alcohol CH - CH - OH Propan- -ol Prop ane / -ol Tertiary butyl alcohol CH - C - OH -methylpropan- -ol -methyl Prop ane / -ol Neopentyl alcohol CH - C - CH - OH , -dimethylpropan- -ol , -dimethyl Prop ane / -ol Isobutyl alcohol CH - CH - CH - OH -methylpropan- -ol -methyl Prop ane / -ol XII U11-Hydroxy XII U11-Hydroxy - - - - Benzyl alcohol CH - OH Phenylmethanol Phenyl Meth ane / ol Allyl alcohol CH CH - CH - OH Prop- -en- -ol Prop -ene / -ol Cyclohexyl alcohol Cyclohexanol Cyclohex ane / ol Glycerol HO CH (OH) Propane – , , – triol Prop ane , , – triol Evaluate Yourself: .
Classify the following alcohols as ∞ , ∞ , and ∞ and give their IUPAC Names. a) CH Br b) (C H ) COH c) CH = C(Cl) d) e) C H CH - CH HO Br CH(OH) CH C(CH ) CH (OH) CH . Write all the possible isomers of an alcohol having the molecular formula C H O and give their IUPAC names. Structure of the functional group of alcohol.
The structure of