gives carboxylic acid, and the secondary nitroalkanes give ketones. The tertiary nitroalkanes have no reaction. NH NH NO NO p - diamino benzene p - dinitro benzene F C C XII U13-Organic Nitrogen XII U13-Organic Nitrogen - - - - CH CH NO Nitroethane HCl / H O Boil COOH + NH OH CH NO - nitropropane HCl / H O Boil O + N O + H O Acetone Nitrous oxide (CH ) (CH ) NO - methyl - - nitro propane HCl / H O Boil No reaction (CH ) On the other hand, the acid or base hydrolysis of ethyl nitrite gives ethanol. CH CH O + HOH OH - (or) H + CH CH + HNO Ethylnitrite Ethanol iii.
Halogenation of nitroalkanes Primary and secondary nitroalkanes on treatement with Cl or Br in the presence of NaOH give halonitroalkanes. The α - H atom of nitroalkanes are successively replaced by halogen atoms. NO +3Cl NaOH CCl NO + 3HCl Chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane) Toxicity Nitroethane is suspected to cause genetic damage and be harmful to the nervous system. iv.
Nef carbonyl synthesis : CHO Nitroxyl azanone CH CH NO KOH H O – H + + HNO Chemical Properties of nitrobenzene C H NO Sn/HCl (H) (H) (H) (H) Zn/NH Cl Fe/H O(steam) SnCl /KOH C H C H C H C H C H NH N = O C H NH N = O NH + Self condensation C H N = N C H Azobenzene (acid medium) (neutral medium) N = N C H (H) C H C H NH NH Hydrazobenzene alkaline medium Zn/NaOH Aniline Phenyl hydroxylamine Nitrosobenzene XII U13-Organic Nitrogen