exploit religious passions. The District Magistrate Crosthwaite who conducted the investigation reported: ‘The Malavia family have deliberately stirred up the Hindus and this has reacted on the Muslims.’ (b) The Hindu Mahasabha In the Punjab communalism as a powerful movement had set in completely. grounds demonstrated by the Muslims during the Khilafat movement motivated the Hindu communalists to imitate them in mobilising the Hindu masses. Suddhi movement was not a new phenomenon but in the post-Khilafat period it assumed new importance.
In an effort to draw Hindus into the boycott of the visit of Prince of Wales in , Swami Shradhananda tried to revive the Mahasabha by organizing cow-protection propaganda. Before the World War I, Britain had promised to safeguard the interests of the Caliph as well the Kaaba (the holiest seat of Islam). But after Turkey’s defeat in the War, they refused to keep their word. The stunned Muslim community showed its displeasure to the British government by starting the Khilafat movement to secure the Caliphate in Turkey.
The bloody Malabar rebellion of , where Muslim peasants were pitted against both the British rulers and Hindu landlords, gave another reason for the renewed campaign of the Hindu Mahasabha. Though the outbreak was basically an agrarian revolt, communal passion ran high in consequence of which Gandhi himself viewed it as a Hindu-Muslim conflict. Gandhi wanted Muslim leaders to tender a public apology for the happenings in Malabar. Malabar Rebellion, (a) Communalism in United Provinces (UP) The suspension of the non-cooperation movement in and the abolition of the Caliphate in left the Muslims in a state of Religion in Nationalist Politics to separate Sind from Bombay and the other to examine proportional representation as a means of safeguarding Muslim majorities.
Jinnah who had taken the initiative to narrow down breach between the two, and had been hailed the ambassador of Hindu- Muslim unity by Sarojini, felt let down as the Hindu Mahasabha members present at the All Parties Convention held in Calcutta in rejected all amendments