and abdominal cramps. c. Obstructive constipation Constipation occurs due to any obstruction in the colon. The obstruction is caused by cancer or inflammation which narrows the lumen resulting in constipation Causes of constipation The common causes of constipation are: • Lack of fibre in diet • Insufficient intake of fluids • Poor elimination habits • Ignoring the urge to defecate • Overuse of laxatives • Side effects of medications • Lack of exercise • Pregnancy • Hypothyroidism • Other causes like celiac disease, duodenal ulcer, gastric cancer, anal fissures and hemorrhoids UNIT- IN GASTRO INTESTINAL AND LIVER - - DIET IN GASTRO INTESTINAL AND LIVER DISORDERS Complications Associated With Constipation Anal fissure Diarrhoea Hemorrhoids Fecal incontinence Rectal hernia Rectal bleeding Self-monitoring!
Are you at risk? • What is the fibre rich food you had today? • how many minutes did you exercise today? • how many glasses of water did you have today?
• do you take any medications on your own without consulting doctor? Activity : Goals for dietary and lifestyle management • To follow regular meal timings • To increase the intake of fluids • To include high fibre diet • To increase physical activity • To develop regularity in bowel evacuation Fig . : Need for Prebiotics and Probiotics for Gut Health Dietary principle Adequate calorie, adequate protein, adequate fat and carbohydrates, high fibre and high fluid diet are prescribed for patients. Vitamins and minerals are given according to the prescribed daily requirement of an individual.
Diet therapy for constipation The primary nutrition therapy for constipation is including adequate amounts of dietary fibre, both soluble and insoluble and adequate amounts of fluids. Energy Energy intake should be adequate to meet the nutritional needs of the patient. The patient should be provided with to kcal per day. The calorie should be provided by carbohydrate and fat.
Protein Adequate or normal protein diet can be given for patient. Protein requirement of 1g/kg body weight/ day is recommended for the patients. Patients can be given 60g of protein per day. UNIT- IN GASTRO INTESTINAL