HOW TO LOSE WEIGHT Go for a walk Eat fruits Lighten the foods you love Eat smaller por ons Do yoga Build muscles Spend more me outdoors Measure yourself Stop drinking soda Eat breakfast UNIT - OBESITY AND - - Obesity and Underweight • Eat low-fat meals • Exercise regularly – times a week • Monitor weight regularly. A lady aged is a rich housewife without much work. She is fond of eating sweets, fried foods, ice creams etc. She spends most of her time by watching T.V.
Her height is . ” and weight is kg. Her blood cholesterol level is mg / dl. Her BP is 90mm/130mm.
She thinks putting on weight is natural phenomena, Suggest her a diet and behavior modification to reduce her weight. Case Study Anti obesity day is on th November . . UNDERWEIGHT Underweight is defined as people with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of less than .
or a body weight % to % below the normal for their age and height. Underweight results when the energy balance is negative. An estimated million adult women are classified as being severely underweight in developing countries. .
. Aetiology Genes There is a genetic cause associated with being under weight. The weight of an individual is inherited basically from his biological mother. If the biological mother being thin, there is % likelihood of the individual being thin also.
Dietary factors: Poor selection of food along with irregular eating habits may be responsible for insufficient food intake and hence calorie intake. It may be due to ignorance or a lack of purchasing power of the family. Physical activity and psychological factor: Individuals who are tense, nervous and extremely active and who do not rest sufficiently tend to expend more energy than what they are able to eat. This can cause under nutrition.
Pathologic condition: Fever and infections, increase the demand for energy, if not met because of poor appetite, lead to loss of weight. Food intake may be severely limited by nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea in gastrointestinal disturbances. Metabolic rate may be greatly increased in hyperthyroidism resulting in underweight. Drug therapy may also alter taste or reduce appetite, leading to weight loss.
Wasting diseases such as tuberculosis, diabetes, cancer and malabsorption syndrome increases the metabolic rate and energy needs. Factors (Underweight) Lack of Food Metabolic Disorder Diges ve Problems Psychological Depression Gene c Illness Harmonal UNIT - OBESITY AND - - Obesity and Underweight . . Complications: Poor immunity: Low body weight puts a person at increased risk for infections and disease.Due to less consumption of protein, fat and other nutrients, such as antioxidants which help support a strong, functioning immune system.
Gynaecological problems: Amenorrhoea, infertility and pregnancy related complications and low birth weight babies are common in underweight mothers . Osteoporosis: Drastic weight loss impairs the nutrient absorption capabilities of the individual. When calcium is not consumed and absorbed in proper amounts may lead to weak and fragile bones causing osteoporosis. RISKS OF BEING UNDERWEIGHT The most common health risks associated with being underweight include: