and loss of weight. The progression of the disease is slow with gradual worsening of the cough. UNIT - DIET IN - - Diet in Fever Prevention • Houses should be adequately ventilated. • The TB patients should always close their mouth while coughing or sneezing to avoid spread of infection.
• Patients can sleep alone in a separate, adequately ventilated room. • Vaccination with BCG (Bacillus Calmette- Guerin) vaccine • Isoniazid is the less expensive drug which is used to prevent latent TB from progressing to TB disease. B) HIV Infection HIV (Human Immuno Deficiency Virus) infection is an example for chronic infection. HIV infection can progress to AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).
HIV infection is caused by retrovirus. Fig . : HIV Virus There are four stages of HIV disease. They are: .
Acute HIV infection: This period is - weeks after the primary infection. There is rapid viral replication during this period. . Asymptomatic infection: This stage could even last for years.
There is an increased susceptibility to food and water –borne pathogens. . Symptomatic HIV infection: A decline in nutritional status and body composition may occur. .
AIDS: AIDS is the terminal stage of HIV. AIDS encompasses life threatening clinical conditions linked to HIV induced immune suppression. TUBERCULOSIS The disease can be treated with the help of antibiotic therapy, rest and nourishing food. The drug therapy should be continued for the stipulated period of time (six months to one year).
The patients are monitored for progress under Revised National TB Control Programme – DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment Short Course). March 24th is observed as World Tuberculosis Day. DOTS or Directly Observed Treatment Short Course is the internationally recommended strategy for TB control. This is a highly efficient and cost effective strategy.
The treatment comprises of five components. int/tb/topics/ /en/ UNIT - DIET IN - - Diet in Fever Signs and Symptoms • First Stage: Fever, malaise, pharyngitis, influenza, swollen and tender lymph nodes or cancer of lymph nodes. • Second Stage: Very few symptoms may appear. Decrease in