Key facts about Diabetes y y The number of people with diabetes has risen from million in to million in . y y The global prevalence of diabetes among adults over years of age has risen from . % in to . % in .
y y Diabetes prevalence has been rising more rapidly in middle- and low-income countries. y y Diabetes is a major cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke and lower limb amputation. y y In , an estimated . million deaths were directly caused by diabetes.
Another . million deaths were attributable to high blood glucose in . y y Almost half of all deaths attributable to high blood glucose occur before the age of years. WHO projects that diabetes will be the seventh leading cause of death in .
y y Healthy diet, regular physical activity, maintaining a normal body weight and avoiding tobacco use are ways to prevent or delay the onset of type diabetes. y y Diabetes can be treated and its consequences avoided or delayed with diet, physical activity, medication and regular screening and treatment for complications. . .
Types of Diabetes . Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM or Type Diabetes Mellitus) The onset is abrupt. Occurs at childhood or as young adult. However may occur at late age also.
This is identified as auto immune disorder. They depend on exogenous insulin for survival and to maintain life. Type I patients are ketosis prone. .
Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM or Type II) It is a heterogenous disorder characterized by liver, muscle and adipose tissue sensitivity to insulin and impaired beta cell function and associated with defects in both insulin secretion and insulin action. They are not ketosis prone, except during periods of severe stress, such as those caused by infections, trauma and surgery. They don’t depend on exogenous insulin. Onset is gradual.
Occurs only after the age of years. However now even seen in young children due to stress and modern lifestyle.