salt (sodium chloride) to 5g / day. This will ensure maintaining a normal blood pressure (WHO, ). ¡ ¡ Include low - fat dairy products and lean animal protein in the diet. ¡ ¡ Avoid intake of alcohol, beverages and foods with added sugars and fats especially trans fat.
¡ ¡ Achieve and maintain a healthy lipid and lipoprotein profile Mr. X is a year old bank official whose height is cm and weight is kg. His occupation keeps him mostly sedentary which has resulted in central obesity. He was recently diagnosed with elevated triglyceride and cholesterol levels and high blood pressure.
What dietary advice would you give him to get his blood lipids and blood pressure back to normal? What other advice would you suggest to reduce weight? Case Study UNIT - - - NUTRITION IN HYPERTENSION AND CARDIO-VASCULAR DISEASE GLOSSARY Atherosclerosis A disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of fatty material on their inner walls Hypertension Abnormally high blood pressure. Plaque Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood.
This builds up inside the arteries. LDL Bad cholesterol. Transports cholesterol to the tissues. Leads to atherosclerosis.
HDL Good Cholesterol. Carries cholesterol from other parts of the body back to the liver. Prevents atherosclerosis. Essential hypertension Essential hypertension (also called primary hypertension or idiopathic hypertension) is the form of hypertension that has no identifiable cause SUMMARY Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a major risk factor for CVD.
Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until complications develop. Excessive bodyweight, lack of physical activity, excessive consumption of alcohol and sodium, and a low intake of potassium are factors that increase the risk of hypertension. Prolonged hypertension damages the cardiovascular system, brain, and kidneys, increasing risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and renal failure. Treatment involves lifestyle changes together with dietary intervention.
CVD is the major cause of death worldwide. It is a disease that affects the blood vessels. Primary prevention can be achieved by targeting cardiovascular risk factors such as hyperlipidaemia, hypertension,