Copyright The protection of authorships of published work comes under copyrights of IPRs. Copyright protection is given for form of expressions of ideas. For example the authors, editors, publishers or both the publisher/ editor of a book have copyrights. The content of the book cannot be reproduced or reprinted without written permission from copyright holders.
Patents and trade secrets provide protection for the basic knowhow but copyright protects the expressed materials in printed, video recorded or taped forms. In the field of biotechnology the data base of DNA sequences or any published forms, photomicrographs, etc., are subject to copyright.