calcium stones. The most common constituents of kidney stones are oxalates, urates or phosphates, combined with calcium. The fundamental principle in the treatment of kidney stones is to supply adequate fluids like water, coconut water, barley water, fruit juices and weak tea in order to ensure the passage of over 2000ml of urine per day. Depending on the type of stones, the foods rich in that particular constituent is avoided.
Unit Diet in kidney diseases Final - - DIET IN KIDNEY DISEASES GLOSSARY Anorexia Lack or loss of appetite for food Glomeruli A cluster of nerve endings, spores or small blood vessels, especially a cluster of capillaries around the end of a kidney tubule. Aldosterone It is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. It is essential for sodium conservation in the kidneys, salivary glands, sweat glands and the colon. Renin It is a hormone secreted from kidney cells and its primary function is to eventually cause an increase in blood pressure.
IgA nephropathy It is a kidney disease that occurs when an antibody called immunoglobulin A (IgA) lodges in the kidneys. Heriditary nephritis It is a genetically heterogenous disorder caused by gene mutation. SLE Systemic Lupus Erythromatosus (SLE) is an inflammatory disease caused when the immune system attacks its own tissues. RBC Red Blood Cells Lithotripsy Extracorporeal shockwave Lithotripsy is a noninvasive technique for the removal of kidney stones.
Most ESWL is carried out when the stone is present near the renal pelvis. ESWL involves the use of a lithotriptor machine to deliver externally applied, focused, high-intensity pulses of ultrasonic energy to cause fragmentation of a stone over a period of around – minutes. CT scan Computed tomography (CT) is the most effective way to look for kidney stones. It uses radiation and computers to generate a cross-sectional view of the abdomen and pelvis.
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) Clearance of stones working through a tunnel created through the back into the kidney. Stones are destroyed or removed intact. Ureteroscope Specialized endoscope for examination and treatment of ureteral disease. Usually less than mm in diameter