content of all diabetics should be set at a level which will permit them to maintain their desired body weight and in children and adolescents allow for a normal rate of growth and development. Diagnosis A1C (percent) Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) a Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) b Random plasma glucose test (RPG) a Normal below . or below or below Prediabetes . to .
to to Diabetes . or above or above or above or above UNIT - - DIET IN DIABETES MELLITUS Table . Calorie requirement based on Weight/Age Category Calorie requirement Overweight 20Kcal/kg/day Ideal weight 20Kcal/kg/day Underweight 20Kcal/kg/day Elderly person above years % less calories for each additional decade Children st year calories For girls - years + calories per year of age upto years For boys - years + calories per year of age upto years Carbohydrates Carbohydrates should provide - percent of total energy. Among this, - percent should be complex carbohydrates and - percent should be simple carbohydrates.
It is the type of carbohydrate that determines the glycaemic response than the actual quantity. Simple carbohydrates tend to raise the blood glucose more than complex carbohydrates. Glucose, maltose and sucrose produce large increase in blood glucose but fructose does not. Fructose can be used as a sweetener for a diabetic.
Acarbose, an enzyme inhibitor present only in wheat reduces blood glucose response. Why is wheat preferred for a Diabetic than Rice? Give reasons. Activity : Glycaemic Index Glycaemic Index of the food is determined by measuring the area under blood glucose curve obtained by the consumption of the test food expressed as a percentage of the area obtained by giving the same quantity of carbohydrates in the form of glucose.
Fibre High fibre diet intake improves glycaemic control and reduces insulin requirements. Patients using more fibre have exhibited reductions in fasting blood sugar levels and glycosuria and increased sensitivity to insulin. It is the soluble fibres that are most effective in producing favourable effect